When ordinary cotton fabric is not subjected to mercerization treatment, the internal structure of the fibers is loose, the surface texture is rough, the overall luster of the fabric is dull, and its adsorption and fixation ability to dyes is weak. After dyeing, uneven coloring and dull color shades are prone to occur, and the hand feel and texture of the fabric are difficult to meet the production requirements of medium and high-end textiles. Mercerization process is the core process of cotton fabric finishing. Through the synergistic effect of concentrated alkali solution and controllable tension, the microstructure of cotton fibers is reshaped, and the mercerizing machine is the core specialized equipment to achieve this process.
The equipment is suitable for mercerizing various types of shuttle-woven cotton fabrics. The fabric enters the equipment in a flat state at a constant speed. It first passes through a concentrated alkali solution impregnation unit, allowing the alkali solution to fully penetrate the fiber gaps and change the cross-sectional morphology and internal molecular arrangement structure of the cotton fibers. While the alkali solution is acting, the bidirectional spreading and stretching mechanism of the equipment applies a constant and controllable tension to the fabric, fixing the fabric width and avoiding shrinkage and deformation of the fabric, ensuring uniform fiber modification effects. After the alkali reaction is completed, the fabric gradually enters a multi-stage water washing and neutralizing zone.
The segmented water washing structure can gradually dilute and neutralize the residual alkali solution on the fabric surface, preventing the continuous corrosion of fibers by residual alkali, while gently cleaning the reaction residues. The equipment can flexibly adjust the alkali concentration, stretching tension, processing speed, and washing temperature according to the thickness, width, and weight of the fabric. After being processed by the equipment, the cotton fabric exhibits a more regular and compact fiber structure, with a moist and delicate luster on the surface. The ability of the fibers to adsorb dyes is significantly changed, resulting in a more transparent and uniform color after dyeing. At the same time, the dimensional stability of the fabric is improved, making it less prone to deformation and fading during daily use and washing.